Infertility can be caused by many different factors. Women struggling with fertility, mainly have problems with ovulation. There are other reasons for female infertility, including: the inability of the eggs to attach to the lining of the uterus, the inability of the eggs travel to the uterus, the inability to produce eggs, clotting disorders, autoimmune disorders, the alcohol abuse, excessive exercise, cysts, hormone imbalances, etc.
Primary infertility in men is usually about problems with the sperm. Sometimes the sperm are malformed and can not fertilize the egg. Semen may also have mobility problems or simply not be big enough. Male infertility may also be due to smoking, age, testicular infections, excessive alcohol consumption, environmental pollutants and so on.
Showing posts with label Causes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Causes. Show all posts
Wednesday, 24 August 2011
Causes of Female infertility
In order to get pregnant, each of these factors is essential:
You have to ovulate. Achieve pregnancy requires that you have an irregular menstrual cycle, where an egg is released, a process called ovulation. Your doctor can help you assess your menstrual cycle to confirm ovulation.
Have your partner cum. For most couples, it is not a problem unless your partner has a history of illness or surgery. Your doctor may do some simple tests to assess the health of the sperm of your partner.
You need to have periodic reports. You need to have regular sex during the fertile period. Your doctor can help you understand when they are most fertile in her cycle.
Pregnancy, every part of the complex process of human reproduction - ovarian released a mature egg from implantation of the fertilized ovum fertilization and growth in the womb - has done right. In women, a number of factors can interfere with this process at any time. Female infertility is due to one or more of these factors.
Disorders of ovulation
Ovulation problems account for infertility in 25 percent of infertile couples. These can be caused by defects in the regulation of reproductive hormones in the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland, or ovary problems in itself. You have an ovulation disorder, if you are ovulating regularly or not at all.
Abnormal FSH and LH secretion. The two hormones responsible for stimulating ovulation each month - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) - are produced by the pituitary gland in a specific pattern during the menstrual cycle. Excessive physical or emotional stress, weighing very high or very low or a recent weight gain or a significant loss - for example, 10 percent of your body weight - can disrupt this pattern and affect ovulation . The main symptom of this problem is irregular or absent periods. Much less frequently, specific diseases of the pituitary gland, usually associated with deficiencies of other hormones or excess production of prolactin, be the cause.
The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In PCOS appears to complex changes in the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovaries, which causes an overproduction of male hormones (androgens), which affects ovulation. PCOS can also be associated with insulin resistance and obesity.
Luteal phase defect. Luteal phase error happens when your ovary does not produce enough of the hormone progesterone after ovulation. Progesterone is essential to prepare the uterus for a fertilized egg.
Premature ovarian failure. This disorder is usually caused by an autoimmune reaction where the body mistakenly attacks the ovarian tissue. This results in a loss of eggs in the ovaries, and in the production of estrogen decreases.
Damage to the fallopian tubes (tubal infertility)
Once the fallopian tubes are damaged or blocked, keeping the sperm to travel to the egg or close the passage of the fertilized egg in the uterus. Causes damage or blockage of the fallopian tubes may include:
Inflammation of the fallopian tubes (salpingitis) due to chlamydia or gonorrhea
Previous ectopic pregnancy, a fertilized egg implants and begins to develop in the fallopian tube instead of uterus
Previous surgery in the abdomen or pelvis
Endometriosis
Endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue grows normally implants and grows outside. This tissue growth in the most - and the surgical removal of it - can cause scarring, which reduces fertility. Scientists believe that the excess tissue can also produce substances that affect the project.
Cervical stenosis or obstruction
Also known as cervical stenosis, this may be due to genetic deformities or damage to the cervix. The result is that the cervix is unable to produce the best type of mucus, sperm motility and fertilization. In addition, the opening of the cervix may be closed, preventing sperm from reaching the egg.
Uterine causes
Benign polyps or tumors (benign tumors or myomas) in the uterus, regular women in their 30s, can impair fertility by blocking the fallopian tubes, or by interfering with implantation. However, many women suffer from fibroids can become pregnant. Scarring inside the uterus may also interfere with the plant, and some women are born with abnormalities such as abnormally shaped uterus (bicornuate) uterus, or may have trouble becoming pregnant.
Unexplained infertility
In some cases, a cause of infertility never found. It is possible that combinations of minor factors in both parts of the underlying unexplained fertility problems. The good news is that couples with unexplained infertility have a higher incidence of spontaneous pregnancies of all infertile couples.
You have to ovulate. Achieve pregnancy requires that you have an irregular menstrual cycle, where an egg is released, a process called ovulation. Your doctor can help you assess your menstrual cycle to confirm ovulation.
Have your partner cum. For most couples, it is not a problem unless your partner has a history of illness or surgery. Your doctor may do some simple tests to assess the health of the sperm of your partner.
You need to have periodic reports. You need to have regular sex during the fertile period. Your doctor can help you understand when they are most fertile in her cycle.
Pregnancy, every part of the complex process of human reproduction - ovarian released a mature egg from implantation of the fertilized ovum fertilization and growth in the womb - has done right. In women, a number of factors can interfere with this process at any time. Female infertility is due to one or more of these factors.
Disorders of ovulation
Ovulation problems account for infertility in 25 percent of infertile couples. These can be caused by defects in the regulation of reproductive hormones in the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland, or ovary problems in itself. You have an ovulation disorder, if you are ovulating regularly or not at all.
Abnormal FSH and LH secretion. The two hormones responsible for stimulating ovulation each month - follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) - are produced by the pituitary gland in a specific pattern during the menstrual cycle. Excessive physical or emotional stress, weighing very high or very low or a recent weight gain or a significant loss - for example, 10 percent of your body weight - can disrupt this pattern and affect ovulation . The main symptom of this problem is irregular or absent periods. Much less frequently, specific diseases of the pituitary gland, usually associated with deficiencies of other hormones or excess production of prolactin, be the cause.
The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In PCOS appears to complex changes in the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovaries, which causes an overproduction of male hormones (androgens), which affects ovulation. PCOS can also be associated with insulin resistance and obesity.
Luteal phase defect. Luteal phase error happens when your ovary does not produce enough of the hormone progesterone after ovulation. Progesterone is essential to prepare the uterus for a fertilized egg.
Premature ovarian failure. This disorder is usually caused by an autoimmune reaction where the body mistakenly attacks the ovarian tissue. This results in a loss of eggs in the ovaries, and in the production of estrogen decreases.
Damage to the fallopian tubes (tubal infertility)
Once the fallopian tubes are damaged or blocked, keeping the sperm to travel to the egg or close the passage of the fertilized egg in the uterus. Causes damage or blockage of the fallopian tubes may include:
Inflammation of the fallopian tubes (salpingitis) due to chlamydia or gonorrhea
Previous ectopic pregnancy, a fertilized egg implants and begins to develop in the fallopian tube instead of uterus
Previous surgery in the abdomen or pelvis
Endometriosis
Endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue grows normally implants and grows outside. This tissue growth in the most - and the surgical removal of it - can cause scarring, which reduces fertility. Scientists believe that the excess tissue can also produce substances that affect the project.
Cervical stenosis or obstruction
Also known as cervical stenosis, this may be due to genetic deformities or damage to the cervix. The result is that the cervix is unable to produce the best type of mucus, sperm motility and fertilization. In addition, the opening of the cervix may be closed, preventing sperm from reaching the egg.
Uterine causes
Benign polyps or tumors (benign tumors or myomas) in the uterus, regular women in their 30s, can impair fertility by blocking the fallopian tubes, or by interfering with implantation. However, many women suffer from fibroids can become pregnant. Scarring inside the uterus may also interfere with the plant, and some women are born with abnormalities such as abnormally shaped uterus (bicornuate) uterus, or may have trouble becoming pregnant.
Unexplained infertility
In some cases, a cause of infertility never found. It is possible that combinations of minor factors in both parts of the underlying unexplained fertility problems. The good news is that couples with unexplained infertility have a higher incidence of spontaneous pregnancies of all infertile couples.
Causes Of Male infertility
Male fertility is a complex process. Partners to get pregnant, you should be able to produce healthy sperm can not reach, penetrate and fertilize the egg partners. For this to happen:
It must produce healthy sperm. Initially, this involves the growth and formation of the male reproductive organs during puberty. At least one of his testicles to function properly and that your body needs to produce testosterone and other hormones to initiate and sustain sperm production.
The semen must be carried in semen. When sperm are produced in the testes, tubes to transport delicate until they are mixed with sperm and broke out of the penis.
There must be enough sperm in the semen. If the number of sperm in your semen (sperm) is low, it decreases the chances that one of your sperm fertilize the egg of your partner. A low sperm count below 20 million sperm per milliliter of semen.
Sperm must be properly trained and able to move. If the movement (motility) or shape (morphology) of sperm are not normal, the sperm can not reach or penetrate the egg with her partner.
Medical causes
Problems with male fertility may be caused by a number of health problems and treatment. Some of these include:
Varicocele. A varicocele is an inflammation of the veins that drain the testicle. This may prevent normal cooling of the testicle, which reduces the sperm count and fewer motile sperm.
Infection. Some infections can interfere with sperm production or sperm health, and can cause scarring that blocks the passage of sperm. These include certain sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including chlamydia and gonorrhea, prostate inflammation (prostatitis), swollen testicles due to mumps (mumps orchitis), tract and other infections of the urinary and reproductive organs.
Retrograde ejaculation. This occurs when semen enters the bladder during orgasm instead of out the penis. Several health problems can cause retrograde ejaculation including diabetes, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and surgery of the bladder, prostate or urethra. Retrograde ejaculation can be caused by certain medications - particularly medicines for the prostate, such as terazosin (Hytrin), tamsulosin (Flomax) and olealfuzosin (Uroxatral).
The lack of ejaculation. Some men with spinal cord injuries or diseases that can not ejaculate sperm, although they continue to produce sperm.
Antibodies that attack sperm. The anti-sperm immune system cells that are mistakenly identified in sperm as harmful invaders and tries to remove them. This is particularly common among men who have had vasectomies.
Tumors. Cancers and malignant tumors can affect the genitals of man directly, or may have glands that release hormones associated with reproduction (such as the pituitary gland). In some cases, surgical treatment of tumors can affect male fertility.
Undescended testes. In some men during fetal development of one or both testicles do not descend from the abdomen into the sac that usually contains the testicles (scrotum).
Hormonal imbalances. Infertility can be caused by disorders of the testicles themselves, or abnormalities of the brain affects the glands that produce testosterone and other hormones that control the testicles (the hypothalamus or pituitary gland). Low testosterone (male hypogonadism), and other hormonal problems are several possible reasons for this.
Defects in sperm duct. Tubes that carry sperm (sperm ducts) can cause damage to the illness or injury. Some men are born in the jam of the testicle that contains sperm (epididymis), or blockage of one or both tubes that carry sperm from the testicle. Men who have cystic fibrosis and other inherited diseases can occur without a sperm ducts completely.
Chromosome abnormalities. The inherited disorders such as Klinefelter's syndrome - in which a man born with two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome instead of one X chromosome and one Y - cause abnormal development of male reproductive organs.
Problems with sex. It can be difficult to maintain or sustain an erection sufficient for sex (erectile dysfunction), premature ejaculation, painful intercourse, or psychological or relationship that interfere with sex.
Celiac disease. A digestive disorder caused by gluten sensitivity, celiac disease can cause male infertility. May improve fertility after adopting a gluten-free diet.
Certain medications. Replacement therapy testosterone, long-term use of anabolic steroids, cancer drugs (chemotherapy), certain antibiotics, certain drugs for ulcers and certain other drugs interfere with sperm production and reduced male fertility.
Environmental causes
Excessive to specific environmental aspects, such as heat, toxins and chemicals can reduce sperm production or sperm function. Specific causes include:
Pesticides. Some men are exposed to pesticides such as ethylene dibromide and organophosphates have lowered sperm. Pesticide exposure has also been associated with testicular cancer. Most studies are performed on men who work in agriculture or live in rural areas.
Heavy metal exposure. Exposure to lead or other heavy metals can also cause infertility.
Exposure to radiation or X-rays. The radiation exposure can reduce sperm production. It may take several years for the production of sperm to return to normal. With high doses of radiation can be sperm production will be reduced permanently.
Overheating of the testicles. Frequent use of saunas and hot baths may temporarily reduce your sperm count. Sitting for long periods or wearing tight clothing can also increase the temperature in your portfolio and reduce sperm production.
In the long term cycling. In the long term cycling is another possible cause of reduced fertility in overheating of the testicles. In some cases, the pressure on the rear seat of the testicles (perineum) can cause penile numbness and erectile dysfunction.
Reasons of health, lifestyle and other
Some other causes of male infertility are:
Use of illicit drugs. Anabolic steroids taken to promote the growth and muscle strength can cause the testicles to shrink and decrease sperm production. Cocaine or marijuana may temporarily reduce the number and quality of sperm as well.
Alcohol abuse. Heavy drinking can lower testosterone levels that cause erectile dysfunction and reduced sperm production. Liver disease caused by excessive consumption can also cause fertility problems.
Smoke. Men who smoke may have a lower sperm count than children who do not smoke. Cigarette smoking can also affect male fertility.
Emotional stress. Stress can interfere with certain hormones necessary for sperm production. Your sperm count may be affected if you experience severe or prolonged emotional stress. A problem with fertility itself can sometimes be long term and discouraging, producing stress.
Deficiency of vitamin A. Deficiencies of nutrients such as vitamin C, selenium, zinc and folic acid may help male infertility.
Weight. Obesity can cause hormonal changes that reduce male fertility. Men who are underweight may have reduced fertility.
Age. Men aged over 35 is starting to have a gradual decline in fertility.
It must produce healthy sperm. Initially, this involves the growth and formation of the male reproductive organs during puberty. At least one of his testicles to function properly and that your body needs to produce testosterone and other hormones to initiate and sustain sperm production.
The semen must be carried in semen. When sperm are produced in the testes, tubes to transport delicate until they are mixed with sperm and broke out of the penis.
There must be enough sperm in the semen. If the number of sperm in your semen (sperm) is low, it decreases the chances that one of your sperm fertilize the egg of your partner. A low sperm count below 20 million sperm per milliliter of semen.
Sperm must be properly trained and able to move. If the movement (motility) or shape (morphology) of sperm are not normal, the sperm can not reach or penetrate the egg with her partner.
Medical causes
Problems with male fertility may be caused by a number of health problems and treatment. Some of these include:
Varicocele. A varicocele is an inflammation of the veins that drain the testicle. This may prevent normal cooling of the testicle, which reduces the sperm count and fewer motile sperm.
Infection. Some infections can interfere with sperm production or sperm health, and can cause scarring that blocks the passage of sperm. These include certain sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including chlamydia and gonorrhea, prostate inflammation (prostatitis), swollen testicles due to mumps (mumps orchitis), tract and other infections of the urinary and reproductive organs.
Retrograde ejaculation. This occurs when semen enters the bladder during orgasm instead of out the penis. Several health problems can cause retrograde ejaculation including diabetes, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and surgery of the bladder, prostate or urethra. Retrograde ejaculation can be caused by certain medications - particularly medicines for the prostate, such as terazosin (Hytrin), tamsulosin (Flomax) and olealfuzosin (Uroxatral).
The lack of ejaculation. Some men with spinal cord injuries or diseases that can not ejaculate sperm, although they continue to produce sperm.
Antibodies that attack sperm. The anti-sperm immune system cells that are mistakenly identified in sperm as harmful invaders and tries to remove them. This is particularly common among men who have had vasectomies.
Tumors. Cancers and malignant tumors can affect the genitals of man directly, or may have glands that release hormones associated with reproduction (such as the pituitary gland). In some cases, surgical treatment of tumors can affect male fertility.
Undescended testes. In some men during fetal development of one or both testicles do not descend from the abdomen into the sac that usually contains the testicles (scrotum).
Hormonal imbalances. Infertility can be caused by disorders of the testicles themselves, or abnormalities of the brain affects the glands that produce testosterone and other hormones that control the testicles (the hypothalamus or pituitary gland). Low testosterone (male hypogonadism), and other hormonal problems are several possible reasons for this.
Defects in sperm duct. Tubes that carry sperm (sperm ducts) can cause damage to the illness or injury. Some men are born in the jam of the testicle that contains sperm (epididymis), or blockage of one or both tubes that carry sperm from the testicle. Men who have cystic fibrosis and other inherited diseases can occur without a sperm ducts completely.
Chromosome abnormalities. The inherited disorders such as Klinefelter's syndrome - in which a man born with two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome instead of one X chromosome and one Y - cause abnormal development of male reproductive organs.
Problems with sex. It can be difficult to maintain or sustain an erection sufficient for sex (erectile dysfunction), premature ejaculation, painful intercourse, or psychological or relationship that interfere with sex.
Celiac disease. A digestive disorder caused by gluten sensitivity, celiac disease can cause male infertility. May improve fertility after adopting a gluten-free diet.
Certain medications. Replacement therapy testosterone, long-term use of anabolic steroids, cancer drugs (chemotherapy), certain antibiotics, certain drugs for ulcers and certain other drugs interfere with sperm production and reduced male fertility.
Environmental causes
Excessive to specific environmental aspects, such as heat, toxins and chemicals can reduce sperm production or sperm function. Specific causes include:
Pesticides. Some men are exposed to pesticides such as ethylene dibromide and organophosphates have lowered sperm. Pesticide exposure has also been associated with testicular cancer. Most studies are performed on men who work in agriculture or live in rural areas.
Heavy metal exposure. Exposure to lead or other heavy metals can also cause infertility.
Exposure to radiation or X-rays. The radiation exposure can reduce sperm production. It may take several years for the production of sperm to return to normal. With high doses of radiation can be sperm production will be reduced permanently.
Overheating of the testicles. Frequent use of saunas and hot baths may temporarily reduce your sperm count. Sitting for long periods or wearing tight clothing can also increase the temperature in your portfolio and reduce sperm production.
In the long term cycling. In the long term cycling is another possible cause of reduced fertility in overheating of the testicles. In some cases, the pressure on the rear seat of the testicles (perineum) can cause penile numbness and erectile dysfunction.
Reasons of health, lifestyle and other
Some other causes of male infertility are:
Use of illicit drugs. Anabolic steroids taken to promote the growth and muscle strength can cause the testicles to shrink and decrease sperm production. Cocaine or marijuana may temporarily reduce the number and quality of sperm as well.
Alcohol abuse. Heavy drinking can lower testosterone levels that cause erectile dysfunction and reduced sperm production. Liver disease caused by excessive consumption can also cause fertility problems.
Smoke. Men who smoke may have a lower sperm count than children who do not smoke. Cigarette smoking can also affect male fertility.
Emotional stress. Stress can interfere with certain hormones necessary for sperm production. Your sperm count may be affected if you experience severe or prolonged emotional stress. A problem with fertility itself can sometimes be long term and discouraging, producing stress.
Deficiency of vitamin A. Deficiencies of nutrients such as vitamin C, selenium, zinc and folic acid may help male infertility.
Weight. Obesity can cause hormonal changes that reduce male fertility. Men who are underweight may have reduced fertility.
Age. Men aged over 35 is starting to have a gradual decline in fertility.
Causes oF Infertility
Pregnancy, the complex processes of ovulation and fertilization are done just right. For some couples who wish to become pregnant, something goes wrong along the way, that is infertility.
Cause or causes of infertility can involve one or both parties. In general:
In approximately one third of cases infertility is due to a case involving only the male partner.
In another third of infertility cases are due to reasons involving men and women.
In the remaining third of infertility cases are due to a case involving only women.
The causes of male infertility
Many things can affect sperm quality, the ability to move (motility) or the ability to fertilize the egg. The most common causes of male infertility are:
Abnormal sperm production or function due to various problems such as undescended testes, genetic defects or recurrent infections.
Problems with the delivery of sperm due to sexual problems like premature ejaculation or painful intercourse (dyspareunia), health issues, such as retrograde ejaculation, some genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis, or structural problems such as blocking part of the testicle that contains sperm (epididymis).
General health problems and lifestyle, such as poor diet, obesity, or use of alcohol, tobacco and drugs.
Excessive exposure to certain environmental factors, such as pesticides and other chemicals. In addition, repeated exposure to excessive heat such as saunas and hot tubs can elevate body temperature. This can impair sperm production and lower sperm counts.
Damage related to cancer and its treatment. Both radiation and chemotherapy for cancer can impair sperm production, sometimes severely. Closer to radiotherapy in the testes, the greater the risk of infertility. Removing one or both testicles due to cancer can also affect male fertility.
Age. Men aged over 40 years may be less fertile than younger men.
The causes of female infertility
The most common causes of female infertility are:
Fallopian tube damage or blockage, which is often caused by inflammation of the fallopian tubes (salpingitis). Chlamydia, sexually transmitted infections, is the most common cause.
Endometriosis, which occurs when endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus and implants - often affect the activity of sperm, eggs and ovaries, uterus and fallopian tubes.
Disorders of ovulation, which can prevent the ovaries to release eggs (anovulation). Possible causes include injury, tumors, excessive exercise and starvation. In addition, some drugs may be related to ovulation disorders.
Elevated prolactin (hyperprolactinemia), a hormone that stimulates milk production. High levels in women who are pregnant or nursing may affect ovulation.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition in which the body produces too much androgen hormones that cause ovulation problems. PCOS is also associated with insulin resistance and obesity.
Early menopause, which is the absence of menstruation and the rapid depletion of ovarian follicles before the age of 40 Although the cause is often unknown, certain conditions associated with early menopause, including immune system diseases, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and smoking.
Uterine fibroids are benign tumors of the lining of the uterus and are common among women in their 30s and 40s. In rare cases they can cause infertility by blocking the fallopian tubes. Most often, fibroids interfere with proper implantation of the fertilized egg.
Pelvic adhesions, bands of scar tissue that bind organs after pelvic infection, appendicitis, or abdominal or pelvic surgery. This scarring can impair fertility.
Other reasons for women
Drugs. Temporary infertility may occur with the use of certain drugs. In most cases, fertility returns after stopping the drug.
Thyroid problems. Thyroid disorders, thyroid hormone is too high (hyperthyroidism) or too little (hypothyroidism) can interrupt the menstrual cycle and cause infertility.
Cancer and its treatment. Certain cancers - particularly women's reproductive cancers - often severely impair female fertility. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can affect the ability of a woman to reproduce. Chemotherapy may impair reproductive function and fertility in men and women.
Other diseases. Diseases associated with delayed puberty or amenorrhea, such as Cushing's disease, sickle cell anemia, kidney disease and diabetes, can affect female fertility.
Cause or causes of infertility can involve one or both parties. In general:
In approximately one third of cases infertility is due to a case involving only the male partner.
In another third of infertility cases are due to reasons involving men and women.
In the remaining third of infertility cases are due to a case involving only women.
The causes of male infertility
Many things can affect sperm quality, the ability to move (motility) or the ability to fertilize the egg. The most common causes of male infertility are:
Abnormal sperm production or function due to various problems such as undescended testes, genetic defects or recurrent infections.
Problems with the delivery of sperm due to sexual problems like premature ejaculation or painful intercourse (dyspareunia), health issues, such as retrograde ejaculation, some genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis, or structural problems such as blocking part of the testicle that contains sperm (epididymis).
General health problems and lifestyle, such as poor diet, obesity, or use of alcohol, tobacco and drugs.
Excessive exposure to certain environmental factors, such as pesticides and other chemicals. In addition, repeated exposure to excessive heat such as saunas and hot tubs can elevate body temperature. This can impair sperm production and lower sperm counts.
Damage related to cancer and its treatment. Both radiation and chemotherapy for cancer can impair sperm production, sometimes severely. Closer to radiotherapy in the testes, the greater the risk of infertility. Removing one or both testicles due to cancer can also affect male fertility.
Age. Men aged over 40 years may be less fertile than younger men.
The causes of female infertility
The most common causes of female infertility are:
Fallopian tube damage or blockage, which is often caused by inflammation of the fallopian tubes (salpingitis). Chlamydia, sexually transmitted infections, is the most common cause.
Endometriosis, which occurs when endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus and implants - often affect the activity of sperm, eggs and ovaries, uterus and fallopian tubes.
Disorders of ovulation, which can prevent the ovaries to release eggs (anovulation). Possible causes include injury, tumors, excessive exercise and starvation. In addition, some drugs may be related to ovulation disorders.
Elevated prolactin (hyperprolactinemia), a hormone that stimulates milk production. High levels in women who are pregnant or nursing may affect ovulation.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition in which the body produces too much androgen hormones that cause ovulation problems. PCOS is also associated with insulin resistance and obesity.
Early menopause, which is the absence of menstruation and the rapid depletion of ovarian follicles before the age of 40 Although the cause is often unknown, certain conditions associated with early menopause, including immune system diseases, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and smoking.
Uterine fibroids are benign tumors of the lining of the uterus and are common among women in their 30s and 40s. In rare cases they can cause infertility by blocking the fallopian tubes. Most often, fibroids interfere with proper implantation of the fertilized egg.
Pelvic adhesions, bands of scar tissue that bind organs after pelvic infection, appendicitis, or abdominal or pelvic surgery. This scarring can impair fertility.
Other reasons for women
Drugs. Temporary infertility may occur with the use of certain drugs. In most cases, fertility returns after stopping the drug.
Thyroid problems. Thyroid disorders, thyroid hormone is too high (hyperthyroidism) or too little (hypothyroidism) can interrupt the menstrual cycle and cause infertility.
Cancer and its treatment. Certain cancers - particularly women's reproductive cancers - often severely impair female fertility. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can affect the ability of a woman to reproduce. Chemotherapy may impair reproductive function and fertility in men and women.
Other diseases. Diseases associated with delayed puberty or amenorrhea, such as Cushing's disease, sickle cell anemia, kidney disease and diabetes, can affect female fertility.
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