Causes Of Male infertility

Male fertility is a complex process. Partners to get pregnant, you should be able to produce healthy sperm can not reach, penetrate and fertilize the egg partners. For this to happen:

It must produce healthy sperm. Initially, this involves the growth and formation of the male reproductive organs during puberty. At least one of his testicles to function properly and that your body needs to produce testosterone and other hormones to initiate and sustain sperm production.

The semen must be carried in semen. When sperm are produced in the testes, tubes to transport delicate until they are mixed with sperm and broke out of the penis.

There must be enough sperm in the semen. If the number of sperm in your semen (sperm) is low, it decreases the chances that one of your sperm fertilize the egg of your partner. A low sperm count below 20 million sperm per milliliter of semen.

Sperm must be properly trained and able to move. If the movement (motility) or shape (morphology) of sperm are not normal, the sperm can not reach or penetrate the egg with her partner.

Medical causes

Problems with male fertility may be caused by a number of health problems and treatment. Some of these include:

Varicocele. A varicocele is an inflammation of the veins that drain the testicle. This may prevent normal cooling of the testicle, which reduces the sperm count and fewer motile sperm.

Infection. Some infections can interfere with sperm production or sperm health, and can cause scarring that blocks the passage of sperm. These include certain sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including chlamydia and gonorrhea, prostate inflammation (prostatitis), swollen testicles due to mumps (mumps orchitis), tract and other infections of the urinary and reproductive organs.

Retrograde ejaculation. This occurs when semen enters the bladder during orgasm instead of out the penis. Several health problems can cause retrograde ejaculation including diabetes, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and surgery of the bladder, prostate or urethra. Retrograde ejaculation can be caused by certain medications - particularly medicines for the prostate, such as terazosin (Hytrin), tamsulosin (Flomax) and olealfuzosin (Uroxatral).

The lack of ejaculation. Some men with spinal cord injuries or diseases that can not ejaculate sperm, although they continue to produce sperm.

Antibodies that attack sperm. The anti-sperm immune system cells that are mistakenly identified in sperm as harmful invaders and tries to remove them. This is particularly common among men who have had vasectomies.

Tumors. Cancers and malignant tumors can affect the genitals of man directly, or may have glands that release hormones associated with reproduction (such as the pituitary gland). In some cases, surgical treatment of tumors can affect male fertility.

Undescended testes. In some men during fetal development of one or both testicles do not descend from the abdomen into the sac that usually contains the testicles (scrotum).

Hormonal imbalances. Infertility can be caused by disorders of the testicles themselves, or abnormalities of the brain affects the glands that produce testosterone and other hormones that control the testicles (the hypothalamus or pituitary gland). Low testosterone (male hypogonadism), and other hormonal problems are several possible reasons for this.

Defects in sperm duct. Tubes that carry sperm (sperm ducts) can cause damage to the illness or injury. Some men are born in the jam of the testicle that contains sperm (epididymis), or blockage of one or both tubes that carry sperm from the testicle. Men who have cystic fibrosis and other inherited diseases can occur without a sperm ducts completely.

Chromosome abnormalities. The inherited disorders such as Klinefelter's syndrome - in which a man born with two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome instead of one X chromosome and one Y - cause abnormal development of male reproductive organs.

Problems with sex. It can be difficult to maintain or sustain an erection sufficient for sex (erectile dysfunction), premature ejaculation, painful intercourse, or psychological or relationship that interfere with sex.

Celiac disease. A digestive disorder caused by gluten sensitivity, celiac disease can cause male infertility. May improve fertility after adopting a gluten-free diet.

Certain medications. Replacement therapy testosterone, long-term use of anabolic steroids, cancer drugs (chemotherapy), certain antibiotics, certain drugs for ulcers and certain other drugs interfere with sperm production and reduced male fertility.

Environmental causes

Excessive to specific environmental aspects, such as heat, toxins and chemicals can reduce sperm production or sperm function. Specific causes include:

Pesticides. Some men are exposed to pesticides such as ethylene dibromide and organophosphates have lowered sperm. Pesticide exposure has also been associated with testicular cancer. Most studies are performed on men who work in agriculture or live in rural areas.

Heavy metal exposure. Exposure to lead or other heavy metals can also cause infertility.

Exposure to radiation or X-rays. The radiation exposure can reduce sperm production. It may take several years for the production of sperm to return to normal. With high doses of radiation can be sperm production will be reduced permanently.

Overheating of the testicles. Frequent use of saunas and hot baths may temporarily reduce your sperm count. Sitting for long periods or wearing tight clothing can also increase the temperature in your portfolio and reduce sperm production.

In the long term cycling. In the long term cycling is another possible cause of reduced fertility in overheating of the testicles. In some cases, the pressure on the rear seat of the testicles (perineum) can cause penile numbness and erectile dysfunction.

Reasons of health, lifestyle and other

Some other causes of male infertility are:

Use of illicit drugs. Anabolic steroids taken to promote the growth and muscle strength can cause the testicles to shrink and decrease sperm production. Cocaine or marijuana may temporarily reduce the number and quality of sperm as well.

Alcohol abuse. Heavy drinking can lower testosterone levels that cause erectile dysfunction and reduced sperm production. Liver disease caused by excessive consumption can also cause fertility problems.

Smoke. Men who smoke may have a lower sperm count than children who do not smoke. Cigarette smoking can also affect male fertility.

Emotional stress. Stress can interfere with certain hormones necessary for sperm production. Your sperm count may be affected if you experience severe or prolonged emotional stress. A problem with fertility itself can sometimes be long term and discouraging, producing stress.

Deficiency of vitamin A. Deficiencies of nutrients such as vitamin C, selenium, zinc and folic acid may help male infertility.

Weight. Obesity can cause hormonal changes that reduce male fertility. Men who are underweight may have reduced fertility.

Age. Men aged over 35 is starting to have a gradual decline in fertility.